When a DC current is applied over the scalp with the intention of altering neuronal activity, it is known as transcranial DC stimulation ( tDCS) and has been found to be effective in modulating spontaneous neuronal firing. Implementing tDCS at intensities of 1 milliamp applied for roughly 10 minutes has been shown to either excite or inhibit the sensori-motor cortex, with the effects lasting over an hour. Excitation is achieved by anodal (+) stimulation, while inhibition is achieved by cathodal (-) stimulation. Anodal stimulation has also been shown to increase both beta and gamma activity in the visual cortex, while cathodal stimulation has decreased beta and gamma activity.Stimulation is generated by putting a wet cloth, cotton ball or sponge on the scalp over the brain region to be treated and a sponge or cotton ball on the shoulder or the face.The tDCS sessions deliver a maximum intensity of 2.35 milliamps at DC. tDCS is being used for the treatment of many conditions, including depression.
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